<p>We are concerned with the following mean curvature problem in Minkowski space <Equation ID="Equ27"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_Equ27.gif" Format="GIF" Height="65" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="384" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\text {div}\bigg (\frac{\nabla v}{\sqrt{1-|\nabla v|^2}}\bigg )=\lambda m(|x|)f(v)~~\ \ \ &amp; \text {in}\ {\mathbb {R}}^N,\\ v(|x|)\rightarrow 0&amp; \text {as}\ |x|\rightarrow +\infty , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mtext>div</mtext> <mrow> <mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em" stretchy="true">(</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> <mrow> <mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em" stretchy="true">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>m</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mspace width="4pt" /> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mtext>as</mtext> <mspace width="4pt" /> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="48" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a parameter, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="116" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m\in C_{\text {loc}}^\alpha ({\mathbb {R}}^N, {\mathbb {R}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msubsup> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mtext>loc</mtext> </mrow> <mi>α</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for some <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="69" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha \in (0, 1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a weighted function and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="88" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\in C({\mathbb {R}}, {\mathbb {R}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Depending on the behavior of <i>f</i> near 0 and infinity, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of one-sign or sign-changing radial solutions to the problem. Moreover, we also obtain the rate of decay of solutions at <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2432_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\infty \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>∞</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The proof of the main results is based upon the bifurcation technique.</p>

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Bifurcation and nodal solutions of mean curvature equation with indefinite weight in Minkowski space

  • Ruyun Ma,
  • Wei Yang,
  • Xiaoxiao Su

摘要

We are concerned with the following mean curvature problem in Minkowski space \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\text {div}\bigg (\frac{\nabla v}{\sqrt{1-|\nabla v|^2}}\bigg )=\lambda m(|x|)f(v)~~\ \ \ & \text {in}\ {\mathbb {R}}^N,\\ v(|x|)\rightarrow 0& \text {as}\ |x|\rightarrow +\infty , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}\) - div ( v 1 - | v | 2 ) = λ m ( | x | ) f ( v ) in R N , v ( | x | ) 0 as | x | + , where \(N\ge 3\) N 3 , \(\lambda >0\) λ > 0 is a parameter, \(m\in C_{\text {loc}}^\alpha ({\mathbb {R}}^N, {\mathbb {R}})\) m C loc α ( R N , R ) for some \(\alpha \in (0, 1)\) α ( 0 , 1 ) is a weighted function and \(f\in C({\mathbb {R}}, {\mathbb {R}})\) f C ( R , R ) . Depending on the behavior of f near 0 and infinity, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of one-sign or sign-changing radial solutions to the problem. Moreover, we also obtain the rate of decay of solutions at \(\infty \) . The proof of the main results is based upon the bifurcation technique.