<p>We consider the following higher-order Schrödinger equation involving supercritical growth and competing potentials: <Equation ID="Equ1"> <EquationNumber>*</EquationNumber> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_Equ1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="44" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="373" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} (-\Delta )^m u + V(y) u=Q(y)u^{m^*-1+\varepsilon }, \;u&gt;0, &amp; \hbox { in } \mathbb {R}^{N}, \\ u \in \mathcal {D}^{m,2}(\mathbb {R}^{N}), \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ε</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">D</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="24" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="184" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m^*=\frac{2N}{N-2m},\; N\ge 4m+1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>m</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mi>m</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m \ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is an integer, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="145" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((y',y'') \in \mathbb {R}^{2} \times \mathbb {R}^{N-2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>×</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="130" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V(y) = V(|y'|,y'')\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="161" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Q(y) = Q(|y'|,y'') \not \equiv 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Q</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>y</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>Q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mrow> <mo>′</mo> <mo>′</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≢</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are two bounded nonnegative functions. By using the finite-dimensional reduction argument and local Pohozaev-type identities, under some suitable assumptions on the potentials <i>V</i> and <i>Q</i>, we prove that for any small <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="40" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon &gt; 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the problem <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((*)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> has a large number of bubble solutions whose functional energy is in the order <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="33_2025_2423_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="25" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="71" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varepsilon ^{-\frac{N-4m}{(N-2m)^2}}.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>ε</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> </msup> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation></p>

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Large energy bubble solutions for supercritical higher-order Schrödinger equation with competing potentials

  • Ting Liu

摘要

We consider the following higher-order Schrödinger equation involving supercritical growth and competing potentials: * \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} (-\Delta )^m u + V(y) u=Q(y)u^{m^*-1+\varepsilon }, \;u>0, & \hbox { in } \mathbb {R}^{N}, \\ u \in \mathcal {D}^{m,2}(\mathbb {R}^{N}), \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) ( - Δ ) m u + V ( y ) u = Q ( y ) u m - 1 + ε , u > 0 , in R N , u D m , 2 ( R N ) , where \(m^*=\frac{2N}{N-2m},\; N\ge 4m+1\) m = 2 N N - 2 m , N 4 m + 1 , \(m \ge 2\) m 2 is an integer, \((y',y'') \in \mathbb {R}^{2} \times \mathbb {R}^{N-2}\) ( y , y ) R 2 × R N - 2 , \(V(y) = V(|y'|,y'')\) V ( y ) = V ( | y | , y ) and \(Q(y) = Q(|y'|,y'') \not \equiv 0\) Q ( y ) = Q ( | y | , y ) 0 are two bounded nonnegative functions. By using the finite-dimensional reduction argument and local Pohozaev-type identities, under some suitable assumptions on the potentials V and Q, we prove that for any small \(\varepsilon > 0\) ε > 0 , the problem \((*)\) ( ) has a large number of bubble solutions whose functional energy is in the order \(\varepsilon ^{-\frac{N-4m}{(N-2m)^2}}.\) ε - N - 4 m ( N - 2 m ) 2 .