<p>In this paper, we study existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for the following (2,&#xa0;<i>q</i>)-Laplacian equation <Equation ID="Equ102"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} -\Delta u-\Delta _q u+\lambda u=f(u) \quad x \in \mathbb {R}^N , \\ \int _{\mathbb {R}^N}u^2 d x=c^2, \\ \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </msub> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1&lt;q&lt;N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta _q=\operatorname {div}\left( |\nabla u|^{q-2} \nabla u\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>q</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>div</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> denotes the <i>q</i>-Laplacian operator, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a Lagrange multiplier and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a constant. The nonlinearity <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is continuous, with mass-subcritical growth at the origin, mass-supercritical growth at infinity, and is more general than the sum of two powers. Under different assumptions, we prove the existence of a locally least-energy solution and the existence of a second solution with higher energy.</p>

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Existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for (2, q)-Laplacian equations with generic double-behaviour nonlinearities

  • Rui Ding,
  • Chao Ji,
  • Patrizia Pucci

摘要

In this paper, we study existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for the following (2, q)-Laplacian equation \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} -\Delta u-\Delta _q u+\lambda u=f(u) \quad x \in \mathbb {R}^N , \\ \int _{\mathbb {R}^N}u^2 d x=c^2, \\ \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}\) - Δ u - Δ q u + λ u = f ( u ) x R N , R N u 2 d x = c 2 , where \(1<q<N\) 1 < q < N , \(N\ge 3\) N 3 , \(\Delta _q=\operatorname {div}\left( |\nabla u|^{q-2} \nabla u\right) \) Δ q = div | u | q - 2 u denotes the q-Laplacian operator, \(\lambda \) λ is a Lagrange multiplier and \(c>0\) c > 0 is a constant. The nonlinearity \(f:\mathbb {R}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}\) f : R R is continuous, with mass-subcritical growth at the origin, mass-supercritical growth at infinity, and is more general than the sum of two powers. Under different assumptions, we prove the existence of a locally least-energy solution and the existence of a second solution with higher energy.