<p>In this paper, we investigate the following two-species chemotaxis-competition system on <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {R}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation><Equation ID="Equ1"> <EquationNumber>0.1</EquationNumber> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=\Delta u-\chi _1\nabla \cdot (u\nabla w)+\mu _1u(1-u-a_1v), &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ v_t=\Delta v-\chi _2\nabla \cdot (v\nabla w)+\mu _2v(1-v-a_2u), &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N, \\ w_t=\Delta w-w+u+v, &amp; t&gt;0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),~v(0,x)=v_0(x),~w(0,x)=w_0(x),&amp; x\in \mathbb {R}^N, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>v</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a positive integer, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi _i,\mu _i,a_i (i=1,2)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are positive constants. We prove that system (<InternalRef RefID="Equ1">0.1</InternalRef>) has a unique global classical solution for every nonnegative, bounded, and uniformly continuous functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(u_0(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(v_0(x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and every nonnegative, bounded, uniformly continuous, and differentiable function <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(w_0(x).\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> Moreover, we obtain the asymptotic behavior of classical solution of (<InternalRef RefID="Equ1">0.1</InternalRef>) in three competition cases. We mainly prove that suitably small chemotaxis sensitivity coefficients <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi _1,\chi _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are sufficient to determine the asymptotic behavior of classical solution of (<InternalRef RefID="Equ1">0.1</InternalRef>) in three competition cases.</p>

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Asymptotic behavior of classical solutions to a fully parabolic two-species chemotaxis-competition model on \(\mathbb {R}^N\)

  • Weiyi Zhang

摘要

In this paper, we investigate the following two-species chemotaxis-competition system on \(\mathbb {R}^N\) R N 0.1 \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_t=\Delta u-\chi _1\nabla \cdot (u\nabla w)+\mu _1u(1-u-a_1v), & t>0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ v_t=\Delta v-\chi _2\nabla \cdot (v\nabla w)+\mu _2v(1-v-a_2u), & t>0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N, \\ w_t=\Delta w-w+u+v, & t>0,~x\in \mathbb {R}^N,\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),~v(0,x)=v_0(x),~w(0,x)=w_0(x),& x\in \mathbb {R}^N, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) u t = Δ u - χ 1 · ( u w ) + μ 1 u ( 1 - u - a 1 v ) , t > 0 , x R N , v t = Δ v - χ 2 · ( v w ) + μ 2 v ( 1 - v - a 2 u ) , t > 0 , x R N , w t = Δ w - w + u + v , t > 0 , x R N , u ( 0 , x ) = u 0 ( x ) , v ( 0 , x ) = v 0 ( x ) , w ( 0 , x ) = w 0 ( x ) , x R N , where \(N\ge 1\) N 1 is a positive integer, \(\chi _i,\mu _i,a_i (i=1,2)\) χ i , μ i , a i ( i = 1 , 2 ) are positive constants. We prove that system (0.1) has a unique global classical solution for every nonnegative, bounded, and uniformly continuous functions \(u_0(x)\) u 0 ( x ) and \(v_0(x)\) v 0 ( x ) , and every nonnegative, bounded, uniformly continuous, and differentiable function \(w_0(x).\) w 0 ( x ) . Moreover, we obtain the asymptotic behavior of classical solution of (0.1) in three competition cases. We mainly prove that suitably small chemotaxis sensitivity coefficients \(\chi _1,\chi _2\) χ 1 , χ 2 are sufficient to determine the asymptotic behavior of classical solution of (0.1) in three competition cases.