<p>In this paper, we study a parabolic-elliptic cross-diffusion system with flux limitation <Equation ID="Equ49"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&amp;u_t=\Delta u- \nabla \cdot (S(u)f(|\nabla v|^{2})\nabla v),&amp;x\in \Omega ,t&gt;0, \\&amp;0=\Delta v-M+u,&amp;x\in \Omega ,t&gt;0, \\ \end{aligned} \right. \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd /> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>M</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow /> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions within a smooth, bounded domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m\in {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(M:=\frac{1}{|\Omega |} \int _{\Omega } u_0(x) d x\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <msub> <mo>∫</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f\left( |\nabla v|^2\right) =(1+|\nabla v|^2)^{-\alpha }, \alpha \in {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. It is shown that in the case of <Equation ID="Equ50"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} 0\le S(u)\le u^m\;\;\;\;for\;\; all \;\;u\ge 0, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>≤</mo> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>f</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>a</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>when <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N\ge 2, 0&lt;m\le 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <Equation ID="Equ51"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \alpha &gt;\frac{mN-2}{2N-2}, \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>the solution is global and bounded in time for all nonnegative initial data. Furthermore, when <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(S(u)=u^{m}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mi>u</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((N\ge 3)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a ball, if <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1&lt;m&lt;\frac{4}{3}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mfrac> <mn>4</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{4N-3mN+2m}{4(N-1)(m-1)}&lt;\alpha &lt;\frac{m}{(N-1)(2-m)}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mi>m</mi> <mi>N</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mfrac> <mi>m</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, there exist some initial data <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(u_{0}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that the solution <i>u</i>(<i>x</i>,&#xa0;<i>t</i>) blows up in finite time in the <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^{\infty }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-norm sense.</p>

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Boundedness and blow-up in a parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis system with flux limitation

  • Pan Zheng,
  • Chunmei Chen

摘要

In this paper, we study a parabolic-elliptic cross-diffusion system with flux limitation \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{aligned}&u_t=\Delta u- \nabla \cdot (S(u)f(|\nabla v|^{2})\nabla v),&x\in \Omega ,t>0, \\&0=\Delta v-M+u,&x\in \Omega ,t>0, \\ \end{aligned} \right. \end{aligned}\) u t = Δ u - · ( S ( u ) f ( | v | 2 ) v ) , x Ω , t > 0 , 0 = Δ v - M + u , x Ω , t > 0 , under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions within a smooth, bounded domain \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\) Ω R N , where \(m\in {\mathbb {R}}\) m R , \(M:=\frac{1}{|\Omega |} \int _{\Omega } u_0(x) d x\) M : = 1 | Ω | Ω u 0 ( x ) d x , \(f\left( |\nabla v|^2\right) =(1+|\nabla v|^2)^{-\alpha }, \alpha \in {\mathbb {R}}\) f | v | 2 = ( 1 + | v | 2 ) - α , α R . It is shown that in the case of \(\begin{aligned} 0\le S(u)\le u^m\;\;\;\;for\;\; all \;\;u\ge 0, \end{aligned}\) 0 S ( u ) u m f o r a l l u 0 , when \(N\ge 2, 0<m\le 1\) N 2 , 0 < m 1 and \(\begin{aligned} \alpha >\frac{mN-2}{2N-2}, \end{aligned}\) α > m N - 2 2 N - 2 , the solution is global and bounded in time for all nonnegative initial data. Furthermore, when \(S(u)=u^{m}\) S ( u ) = u m and \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\) Ω R N \((N\ge 3)\) ( N 3 ) is a ball, if \(1<m<\frac{4}{3}\) 1 < m < 4 3 and \(\frac{4N-3mN+2m}{4(N-1)(m-1)}<\alpha <\frac{m}{(N-1)(2-m)}\) 4 N - 3 m N + 2 m 4 ( N - 1 ) ( m - 1 ) < α < m ( N - 1 ) ( 2 - m ) , there exist some initial data \(u_{0}\) u 0 such that the solution u(xt) blows up in finite time in the \(L^{\infty }\) L -norm sense.