<p>In this paper, we study the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the problem given by where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="193" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D= \left( \Omega \cup {\Pi _2} \cup (\partial \Omega \cap \overline{\Pi _2})\right) \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>∪</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>∪</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>∩</mo> <mover> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D^c\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the complement of <i>D</i>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="55" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊆</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a non empty bounded open set with sufficiently smooth boundary <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial \Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, say of class <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Pi _{1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Pi _{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are open subsets of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^n\setminus {{{\bar{\Omega }}} }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo lspace="0.15em" rspace="0.15em" stretchy="false">\</mo> <mover accent="true"> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">¯</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="125" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\overline{{\Pi _{1}} \cup {\Pi _{{2}}}}= {\mathbb {R}}^n\setminus {\Omega }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mover> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>∪</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo lspace="0.15em" rspace="0.15em" stretchy="false">\</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="91" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Pi _{1} \cap \Pi _{{2}}= \emptyset \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>∩</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="94" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial \Omega \cap \overline{\Pi _2}\ne \emptyset \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>∩</mo> <mover> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mo>≠</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∅</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="50" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \cup \Pi _2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>∪</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Π</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a bounded set with sufficiently smooth boundary, <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a real parameter, <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq14.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="104" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( 0&lt; q&lt; 1&lt;p \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq15.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="42" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n&gt;2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="234" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {L}}= -\Delta +(-\Delta )^{s},~ \text {for}~s \in (0, 1).\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mtext>for</mtext> <mspace width="3.33333pt" /> <mi>s</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> We first present a functional setting to study any problem involving <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq17.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {L}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">L</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> under mixed boundary conditions in the presence of concave-convex power nonlinearity, for a suitable range of <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="30_2025_1093_Article_IEq18.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="15" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\lambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <i>q</i> and <i>p</i>. Our article also contains results related to Picone’s identity, strong maximum principles and comparison principles. We have extended the results of [<CitationRef CitationID="CR1">1</CitationRef>] to problems admitting mixed type operator as well as mixed boundary conditions.</p>

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On elliptic problems with mixed operators and Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions

  • Tuhina Mukherjee,
  • Lovelesh Sharma

摘要

In this paper, we study the existence, nonexistence and multiplicity of positive solutions to the problem given by where \(D= \left( \Omega \cup {\Pi _2} \cup (\partial \Omega \cap \overline{\Pi _2})\right) \) D = Ω Π 2 ( Ω Π 2 ¯ ) and \(D^c\) D c is the complement of D, \(\Omega \subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^n\) Ω R n is a non empty bounded open set with sufficiently smooth boundary \(\partial \Omega \) Ω , say of class \(C^1\) C 1 . \(\Pi _{1}\) Π 1 , \(\Pi _{2}\) Π 2 are open subsets of \({\mathbb {R}}^n\setminus {{{\bar{\Omega }}} }\) R n \ Ω ¯ such that \(\overline{{\Pi _{1}} \cup {\Pi _{{2}}}}= {\mathbb {R}}^n\setminus {\Omega }\) Π 1 Π 2 ¯ = R n \ Ω , \(\Pi _{1} \cap \Pi _{{2}}= \emptyset \) Π 1 Π 2 = , \(\partial \Omega \cap \overline{\Pi _2}\ne \emptyset \) Ω Π 2 ¯ and \(\Omega \cup \Pi _2\) Ω Π 2 is a bounded set with sufficiently smooth boundary, \(\lambda >0\) λ > 0 is a real parameter, \( 0< q< 1<p \) 0 < q < 1 < p , \(n>2\) n > 2 and \({\mathcal {L}}= -\Delta +(-\Delta )^{s},~ \text {for}~s \in (0, 1).\) L = - Δ + ( - Δ ) s , for s ( 0 , 1 ) . We first present a functional setting to study any problem involving \({\mathcal {L}}\) L under mixed boundary conditions in the presence of concave-convex power nonlinearity, for a suitable range of \(\lambda \) λ , q and p. Our article also contains results related to Picone’s identity, strong maximum principles and comparison principles. We have extended the results of [1] to problems admitting mixed type operator as well as mixed boundary conditions.