<p>In this paper, we study the following three-species food chain chemotactic system with evasion effect <Equation ID="Equ141"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{t}=d_1\Delta u+u(1-u)-b_1uv,&amp; \quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ v_{t}=d_2\Delta v-\nabla \cdot \left( \xi v\nabla u\right) +\nabla \cdot \left( \chi _1v\nabla z\right) +uv-b_2vw-\theta _1v,&amp; \quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ w_{t}=\Delta w-\nabla \cdot \left( \chi _2w\nabla v\right) +vw-\theta _2w^{\alpha }-w,&amp; \quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ z_{t}=\Delta z+w^{\beta }-z,&amp; \quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mi>ξ</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mi>v</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>θ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mi>v</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>w</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>v</mi> </mfenced> <mo>+</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>θ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>w</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>w</mi> <mi>β</mi> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with smooth boundary, where the parameters <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d_1,d_2,b_1,b_2,\xi ,\chi _1,\chi _2,\theta _1,\theta _2,\alpha ,\beta \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>ξ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>χ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>θ</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>θ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are positive. By the suitable coupling energy estimates, we obtain that the system admits a unique globally bounded classical solution, provided that <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha&gt;4\beta ,\alpha &gt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mi>β</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Additionally, we investigate an examination of the asymptotic stability of constant steady-state solution by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals and using the different parameter choices.</p>

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Dynamic behavior of food chain chemotactic system with evasion effect

  • Ruohan Yu,
  • Wenhai Shan,
  • Xiao-Song Yang

摘要

In this paper, we study the following three-species food chain chemotactic system with evasion effect \(\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{t}=d_1\Delta u+u(1-u)-b_1uv,& \quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ v_{t}=d_2\Delta v-\nabla \cdot \left( \xi v\nabla u\right) +\nabla \cdot \left( \chi _1v\nabla z\right) +uv-b_2vw-\theta _1v,& \quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ w_{t}=\Delta w-\nabla \cdot \left( \chi _2w\nabla v\right) +vw-\theta _2w^{\alpha }-w,& \quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ z_{t}=\Delta z+w^{\beta }-z,& \quad x\in \Omega , t>0, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}\) u t = d 1 Δ u + u ( 1 - u ) - b 1 u v , x Ω , t > 0 , v t = d 2 Δ v - · ξ v u + · χ 1 v z + u v - b 2 v w - θ 1 v , x Ω , t > 0 , w t = Δ w - · χ 2 w v + v w - θ 2 w α - w , x Ω , t > 0 , z t = Δ z + w β - z , x Ω , t > 0 , under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^2\) Ω R 2 with smooth boundary, where the parameters \(d_1,d_2,b_1,b_2,\xi ,\chi _1,\chi _2,\theta _1,\theta _2,\alpha ,\beta \) d 1 , d 2 , b 1 , b 2 , ξ , χ 1 , χ 2 , θ 1 , θ 2 , α , β are positive. By the suitable coupling energy estimates, we obtain that the system admits a unique globally bounded classical solution, provided that \(\alpha>4\beta ,\alpha >1\) α > 4 β , α > 1 . Additionally, we investigate an examination of the asymptotic stability of constant steady-state solution by constructing appropriate Lyapunov functionals and using the different parameter choices.