<p>The evolution of states of a self-propelled population is studied. The population dwells in a locally compact Polish space <i>X</i>, and its pure states are locally finite counting measures on <i>X</i>. The set of all such states <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varGamma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>Γ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is equipped with the vague topology that makes it a Polish space as well; mixed states are the probability measures <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> defined thereon. Let the integer-valued random variable <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Λ</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varLambda \subset X\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Λ</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <mi>X</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, be the number of population members contained in <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varLambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>Λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in state <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The evolution consists in random appearance of new members attracted by the existing population and in their independent disappearance. It is specified by the Fokker–Planck equation in which the model is represented by the Kolmogorov operator <i>L</i> and its domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {F}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">F</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {P}}_*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the set of all measures <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for which the factorial moments of <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Λ</mi> </mrow> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> satisfy <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi _k (Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }) \le C_\mu k! b_{\mu ,\varLambda }^k\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>Z</mi> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Λ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>≤</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mi>μ</mi> </msub> <mi>k</mi> <mo>!</mo> <msubsup> <mi>b</mi> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Λ</mi> </mrow> <mi>k</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(b_{\mu ,\varLambda }&lt;+\infty \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>Λ</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for compact <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varLambda \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>Λ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The result of the paper is the statement that the Fokker–Planck equation with <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu _0\in {\mathcal {P}}_*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and the domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {F}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">F</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> presented in the paper has a unique global solution <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu _t \in {\mathcal {P}}_*\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>μ</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>∈</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mi mathvariant="script">P</mi> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This statement is proved, discussed and compared with the results known for similar models.</p>

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The stochastic evolution of a general contact model

  • Yuri Kozitsky

摘要

The evolution of states of a self-propelled population is studied. The population dwells in a locally compact Polish space X, and its pure states are locally finite counting measures on X. The set of all such states \(\varGamma \) Γ is equipped with the vague topology that makes it a Polish space as well; mixed states are the probability measures \(\mu \) μ defined thereon. Let the integer-valued random variable \(Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }\) Z μ , Λ , \(\varLambda \subset X\) Λ X , be the number of population members contained in \(\varLambda \) Λ in state \(\mu \) μ . The evolution consists in random appearance of new members attracted by the existing population and in their independent disappearance. It is specified by the Fokker–Planck equation in which the model is represented by the Kolmogorov operator L and its domain \({\mathcal {F}}\) F . Let \({\mathcal {P}}_*\) P be the set of all measures \(\mu \) μ for which the factorial moments of \(Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }\) Z μ , Λ satisfy \(\phi _k (Z_{\mu ,\varLambda }) \le C_\mu k! b_{\mu ,\varLambda }^k\) ϕ k ( Z μ , Λ ) C μ k ! b μ , Λ k with \(b_{\mu ,\varLambda }<+\infty \) b μ , Λ < + for compact \(\varLambda \) Λ . The result of the paper is the statement that the Fokker–Planck equation with \(\mu _0\in {\mathcal {P}}_*\) μ 0 P and the domain \({\mathcal {F}}\) F presented in the paper has a unique global solution \(\mu _t \in {\mathcal {P}}_*\) μ t P . This statement is proved, discussed and compared with the results known for similar models.