<p>This study examines the effects of a logistic source on global solvability and stabilization in various models that generalize the following prototype <Equation ID="Equ78"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} n_{t}+u\cdot \nabla n =\Delta n -\chi \nabla \cdot ( n \nabla c)+\rho n -\mu n^2,\quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ u\cdot \nabla c=\Delta c-c+n,\quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ u_t+\nabla p+\kappa (u\cdot \nabla )u=\Delta u+n\nabla \phi ,\quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0,\\ \nabla \cdot u=0,\quad x\in \Omega , t&gt;0, \end{array}\right. \qquad \qquad (*) \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mfenced open="{"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>χ</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <msup> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi>u</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="left"> <mrow> <mrow /> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mo>·</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mfenced> <mspace width="2em" /> <mspace width="2em" /> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>with no-flux boundary conditions for <i>n</i> and <i>c</i>, and no-slip boundary condition for <i>u</i>,&#xa0; in a bounded domain <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^N (N\in \{2,3\})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊆</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with a smooth boundary, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \phi \in W^{2,\infty }(\Omega ),\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\chi &gt; 0, \rho \in \mathbb {{R}},\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>χ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu &gt; 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are given parameters. Additionally, assuming that <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N = 2,\kappa \in {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> or <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N = 3,\kappa = 0.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>κ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> The study demonstrates that the corresponding initial boundary problem possesses a global classical solution, which is bounded on <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \times (0,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> under the explicit condition <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \ge \frac{(N-2)_+\chi }{N} \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> </msub> <mi>χ</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and suitable regularity assumptions on the initial data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to study the boundedness of the system.</p>

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Global existence and boundedness for a multidimensional parabolic–elliptic Keller–Segel–(Navier–)Stokes system

  • Jiashan Zheng,
  • Yuanyuan Ke

摘要

This study examines the effects of a logistic source on global solvability and stabilization in various models that generalize the following prototype \(\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} n_{t}+u\cdot \nabla n =\Delta n -\chi \nabla \cdot ( n \nabla c)+\rho n -\mu n^2,\quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ u\cdot \nabla c=\Delta c-c+n,\quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ u_t+\nabla p+\kappa (u\cdot \nabla )u=\Delta u+n\nabla \phi ,\quad x\in \Omega , t>0,\\ \nabla \cdot u=0,\quad x\in \Omega , t>0, \end{array}\right. \qquad \qquad (*) \end{aligned}\) n t + u · n = Δ n - χ · ( n c ) + ρ n - μ n 2 , x Ω , t > 0 , u · c = Δ c - c + n , x Ω , t > 0 , u t + p + κ ( u · ) u = Δ u + n ϕ , x Ω , t > 0 , · u = 0 , x Ω , t > 0 , ( ) with no-flux boundary conditions for n and c, and no-slip boundary condition for u,  in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^N (N\in \{2,3\})\) Ω R N ( N { 2 , 3 } ) with a smooth boundary, where \( \phi \in W^{2,\infty }(\Omega ),\) ϕ W 2 , ( Ω ) , and \(\chi > 0, \rho \in \mathbb {{R}},\) χ > 0 , ρ R , \(\mu > 0\) μ > 0 are given parameters. Additionally, assuming that \(N = 2,\kappa \in {\mathbb {R}}\) N = 2 , κ R or \(N = 3,\kappa = 0.\) N = 3 , κ = 0 . The study demonstrates that the corresponding initial boundary problem possesses a global classical solution, which is bounded on \(\Omega \times (0,\infty )\) Ω × ( 0 , ) under the explicit condition \(\mu \ge \frac{(N-2)_+\chi }{N} \) μ ( N - 2 ) + χ N and suitable regularity assumptions on the initial data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to study the boundedness of the system.