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<p>Intensified human activities degrade hydrological conditions in mountain river ecosystems, directly impacting macroinvertebrate communities, yet responses via functional traits remain poorly understood. This study investigated environmental filtering and selection processes on benthic macroinvertebrate functional traits across wet and dry seasons in typical mountain streams, with specific emphasis on trait response thresholds. Analyses of 167 macroinvertebrate taxa revealed the consistent dominance of <i>r</i>-selected life-history strategies across seasons. Notably, this dominance was distinctly amplified during the wet season, as intensified hydrological parameters promoted the proliferation of <i>r</i>-selected traits, while elevated eutrophication indicators concurrently suppressed <i>K</i>-strategists. Trait responses diverged starkly between seasons. Patterns conformed to theoretical bell-shaped distributions during the dry season. However, intensified environmental stress resulted in significant declines in both trait responses and functional diversity during the wet season. Further threshold analysis successfully identified robust bioindicators, and clinging behavior served as a definitive indicator of low-flow conditions, while streamlined morphology and tegument respiration exhibited strong associations with low ammonia nitrogen concentrations. Critically, this study demonstrates that increasing environmental stressors drive a fundamental shift in benthic macroinvertebrate functional trait composition toward high-resistance traits. This shift promotes significant trait convergence and functional homogenization, posing a clear threat to ecosystem functions. The evidence presented by this study provides a baseline for predicting impacts of environmental change on community functions and offers critical insights for ecological management in mountain streams.</p>

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Seasonal response of benthic macroinvertebrate to environmental stressors in mountain streams: Trait convergence and functional homogenization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Mingyang Li,
  • Lunhui Lu,
  • Wenyu Xiao,
  • Wenjuan Ouyang,
  • Yuanyuan Zhang,
  • Yifan Ding,
  • Ning Jia,
  • Xiangxiang Xie,
  • Xi Zou,
  • Peiming Ma,
  • Yanbo Ma,
  • Zhe Li

摘要

Intensified human activities degrade hydrological conditions in mountain river ecosystems, directly impacting macroinvertebrate communities, yet responses via functional traits remain poorly understood. This study investigated environmental filtering and selection processes on benthic macroinvertebrate functional traits across wet and dry seasons in typical mountain streams, with specific emphasis on trait response thresholds. Analyses of 167 macroinvertebrate taxa revealed the consistent dominance of r-selected life-history strategies across seasons. Notably, this dominance was distinctly amplified during the wet season, as intensified hydrological parameters promoted the proliferation of r-selected traits, while elevated eutrophication indicators concurrently suppressed K-strategists. Trait responses diverged starkly between seasons. Patterns conformed to theoretical bell-shaped distributions during the dry season. However, intensified environmental stress resulted in significant declines in both trait responses and functional diversity during the wet season. Further threshold analysis successfully identified robust bioindicators, and clinging behavior served as a definitive indicator of low-flow conditions, while streamlined morphology and tegument respiration exhibited strong associations with low ammonia nitrogen concentrations. Critically, this study demonstrates that increasing environmental stressors drive a fundamental shift in benthic macroinvertebrate functional trait composition toward high-resistance traits. This shift promotes significant trait convergence and functional homogenization, posing a clear threat to ecosystem functions. The evidence presented by this study provides a baseline for predicting impacts of environmental change on community functions and offers critical insights for ecological management in mountain streams.