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<p>As conventional structural traps become increasingly overexploited, hydrocarbon exploration has shifted toward underexplored stratigraphic traps, which often remain underexplored despite their significant potential. These traps pose significant challenges due to subtle lateral and vertical facies variations—particularly in complex deltaic environments. Recent progress in petroleum exploration increasingly relies on advanced approaches such as seismic inversion, which enables the extraction of quantitative subsurface information, thereby enhancing delineation of stratigraphic traps and reservoir property predictions. This study demonstrates the integration of seismic inversion within a sequence stratigraphic framework to delineate stratigraphic traps and characterize the spatial distribution and reservoir quality of sandstone bodies in the Acacus Formation of the Ghadames Basin, southern Tunisia. High-resolution 3D post-stack seismic and borehole data were used to derive acoustic impedance and density volumes. These volumes supported the construction of a 3D lithofacies model and enabled the establishment of a relationship between acoustic impedance and porosity, from which a porosity model was computed. The results reveal porous sandstone bodies (15–20% porosity) within the lowstand and transgressive systems tracts of sequences S10 and S11, sealed by compact clay-rich layers (&gt; 2.55&#xa0;g/cm<sup>3</sup>). The integrated models illuminate multiple stratigraphic trap configurations, including pinch-outs, and lens-shaped sandstone bodies encased within marine claystone. These features constitute important stratigraphic traps with clear lateral facies terminations and well-defined trap–seal configurations. Integrated interpretation of density, lithofacies, and porosity models within a sequence stratigraphic framework significantly refines reservoir distribution, enhances the identification of trap–seal pairs, and improves the prediction of thin, heterogeneous clastic reservoirs in the basins. This integrated workflow offers a robust methodology for reducing exploration uncertainty and supports near-field exploration strategies in the Ghadames Basin and similar siliciclastic settings across North Africa.</p>

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Integrated Seismic Inversion and Stratigraphic Modeling for Trap–Seal System and Reservoir Characterization: A Case Study of the Acacus Formation, Ghadames Basin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Amira Zrelli,
  • Adnen Amiri,
  • Kawthar Sebei,
  • Oussama Abidi,
  • Nesserine Barhoumi,
  • Mohamed Hedi Inoubli

摘要

As conventional structural traps become increasingly overexploited, hydrocarbon exploration has shifted toward underexplored stratigraphic traps, which often remain underexplored despite their significant potential. These traps pose significant challenges due to subtle lateral and vertical facies variations—particularly in complex deltaic environments. Recent progress in petroleum exploration increasingly relies on advanced approaches such as seismic inversion, which enables the extraction of quantitative subsurface information, thereby enhancing delineation of stratigraphic traps and reservoir property predictions. This study demonstrates the integration of seismic inversion within a sequence stratigraphic framework to delineate stratigraphic traps and characterize the spatial distribution and reservoir quality of sandstone bodies in the Acacus Formation of the Ghadames Basin, southern Tunisia. High-resolution 3D post-stack seismic and borehole data were used to derive acoustic impedance and density volumes. These volumes supported the construction of a 3D lithofacies model and enabled the establishment of a relationship between acoustic impedance and porosity, from which a porosity model was computed. The results reveal porous sandstone bodies (15–20% porosity) within the lowstand and transgressive systems tracts of sequences S10 and S11, sealed by compact clay-rich layers (> 2.55 g/cm3). The integrated models illuminate multiple stratigraphic trap configurations, including pinch-outs, and lens-shaped sandstone bodies encased within marine claystone. These features constitute important stratigraphic traps with clear lateral facies terminations and well-defined trap–seal configurations. Integrated interpretation of density, lithofacies, and porosity models within a sequence stratigraphic framework significantly refines reservoir distribution, enhances the identification of trap–seal pairs, and improves the prediction of thin, heterogeneous clastic reservoirs in the basins. This integrated workflow offers a robust methodology for reducing exploration uncertainty and supports near-field exploration strategies in the Ghadames Basin and similar siliciclastic settings across North Africa.