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<p>Utilizing the comprehensive dataset from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) aboard the International Space Station (ISS) spanning 2018 to 2022, the present study deals with the interactions between climatic factors and the lightning activity across the tropical and subtropical regions of India. The primary aim of the present study is to analyse the temporal variability of lightning occurrence and the atmospheric conditions governing these patterns. The results indicate that the distinct seasonal cycle, with peak lightning activity aligning with the Indian summer monsoon season. A comparative assessment highlights notable meteorological differences between the two regions, with the tropics exhibiting more intense convective activity, higher moisture content, and stronger surface energy fluxes, contributing to high lightning activity. On the other hand, the subtropical region displays more consistent patterns with higher aerosol optical depth (AOD), surface sensible heat flux and less supply of moisture to the lower atmosphere which leads to comparatively low lightning occurrences. The meteorological parameters were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis, revealing that approximately 80% of the variance in the dependent variable for the subtropical region and 84% for the tropical region is explained by the regression model. Both the multiple linear regression models demonstrate high statistical significance, indicating a robust relationship between the predictor variables and lightning activity. These findings support in understanding the connection between atmospheric conditions and regional factors which is crucial for predicting and mitigating climate related risks over India. By understanding the relationship between the climatic factors such as AOD, surface heat fluxes, precipitation and instability, and their impact on lightning intensity, one can develop more accurate forecasting models and early warning systems. These advancements will help mitigate the risk factor associated with lightning strikes, especially for vulnerable populations in rural areas which are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of India.</p>

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Understanding Key Atmospheric Drivers Affecting Lightning Flashes Over Tropical and Subtropical India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月29日

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  • B. Abida Choudhury,
  • M. I. R. Tinmaker,
  • V. Gopalakrishnan,
  • S. D. Pawar

摘要

Utilizing the comprehensive dataset from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) aboard the International Space Station (ISS) spanning 2018 to 2022, the present study deals with the interactions between climatic factors and the lightning activity across the tropical and subtropical regions of India. The primary aim of the present study is to analyse the temporal variability of lightning occurrence and the atmospheric conditions governing these patterns. The results indicate that the distinct seasonal cycle, with peak lightning activity aligning with the Indian summer monsoon season. A comparative assessment highlights notable meteorological differences between the two regions, with the tropics exhibiting more intense convective activity, higher moisture content, and stronger surface energy fluxes, contributing to high lightning activity. On the other hand, the subtropical region displays more consistent patterns with higher aerosol optical depth (AOD), surface sensible heat flux and less supply of moisture to the lower atmosphere which leads to comparatively low lightning occurrences. The meteorological parameters were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis, revealing that approximately 80% of the variance in the dependent variable for the subtropical region and 84% for the tropical region is explained by the regression model. Both the multiple linear regression models demonstrate high statistical significance, indicating a robust relationship between the predictor variables and lightning activity. These findings support in understanding the connection between atmospheric conditions and regional factors which is crucial for predicting and mitigating climate related risks over India. By understanding the relationship between the climatic factors such as AOD, surface heat fluxes, precipitation and instability, and their impact on lightning intensity, one can develop more accurate forecasting models and early warning systems. These advancements will help mitigate the risk factor associated with lightning strikes, especially for vulnerable populations in rural areas which are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of India.