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<p>Particulate matters with a diameter of 2.5&#xa0;μm or smaller (i.e. PM<sub>2.5</sub>) are critical component of air pollution that has significant impacts on human health and the environment. The study underscores the utilization of the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis data to evaluate surface PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations as well as its sub-species across India during the period from 2018 to 2021. MERRA-2 and ground-based AERONET-derived Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over Kanpur, Jaipur, Pune, and Delhi shows a significant correlation of 0.70, 0.74, 0.82 and 0.65, respectively. The study also reveals a complex relationship between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and its sub-species with the meteorological factors, which was found to vary seasonally, specifically, during the winter season. The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) experiences pronounced seasonal variations, with peak concentrations in winter and post-monsoon seasons. This study also explores the impact of India's COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, revealing a consistent reduction in PM<sub>2.5</sub> and its sub-species during different lockdown phases in 2020 compared to previous and subsequent years. By leveraging high-resolution atmospheric data, this research advances our understanding of pollution patterns, sources, and trends, offering valuable insights for air quality management and policy formulation.</p>

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Assessment of Surface PM2.5 Concentrations over India using Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) Reanalysis Data

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月6日

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  • Sumit Singh,
  • Amarendra Singh,
  • Atul Kumar Srivastava,
  • Virendra Pathak,
  • Ajay Kumar,
  • Vivek Singh

摘要

Particulate matters with a diameter of 2.5 μm or smaller (i.e. PM2.5) are critical component of air pollution that has significant impacts on human health and the environment. The study underscores the utilization of the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) reanalysis data to evaluate surface PM2.5 concentrations as well as its sub-species across India during the period from 2018 to 2021. MERRA-2 and ground-based AERONET-derived Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) over Kanpur, Jaipur, Pune, and Delhi shows a significant correlation of 0.70, 0.74, 0.82 and 0.65, respectively. The study also reveals a complex relationship between PM2.5 and its sub-species with the meteorological factors, which was found to vary seasonally, specifically, during the winter season. The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) experiences pronounced seasonal variations, with peak concentrations in winter and post-monsoon seasons. This study also explores the impact of India's COVID-19 lockdown on air quality, revealing a consistent reduction in PM2.5 and its sub-species during different lockdown phases in 2020 compared to previous and subsequent years. By leveraging high-resolution atmospheric data, this research advances our understanding of pollution patterns, sources, and trends, offering valuable insights for air quality management and policy formulation.