<p>Let <i>d</i> be a square-free integer such that <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="121" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d \equiv 15 \pmod {60}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>≡</mo> <mn>15</mn> <mspace width="4.44443pt" /> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>mod</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mn>60</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and Pell’s equation <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="106" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x^2 - dy^2 = -6\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>d</mi> <msup> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is solvable in rational integers <i>x</i> and <i>y</i>. In this paper, we prove that there exist infinitely many Diophantine quadruples in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}[\sqrt{d}]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msqrt> <mi>d</mi> </msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with the property <i>D</i>(<i>n</i>) for certain <i>n</i>’s. As an application of it, we ‘unconditionally’ prove the existence of infinitely many rings <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="44" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {Z}[\sqrt{d}]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <msqrt> <mi>d</mi> </msqrt> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for which the conjecture of Franušić and Jadrijević (Conjecture <InternalRef RefID="FPar1">1.1</InternalRef>) does ‘not’ hold. This conjecture states a relationship between the existence of a Diophantine quadruple in <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">R</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with the property <i>D</i>(<i>n</i>) and the representability of <i>n</i> as a difference of two squares in <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">R</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13_2025_2144_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathcal {R}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="script">R</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a commutative ring with unity.</p>

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Infinitely many counterexamples of a conjecture of Franušić and Jadrijević

  • Shubham Gupta

摘要

Let d be a square-free integer such that \(d \equiv 15 \pmod {60}\) d 15 ( mod 60 ) and Pell’s equation \(x^2 - dy^2 = -6\) x 2 - d y 2 = - 6 is solvable in rational integers x and y. In this paper, we prove that there exist infinitely many Diophantine quadruples in \(\mathbb {Z}[\sqrt{d}]\) Z [ d ] with the property D(n) for certain n’s. As an application of it, we ‘unconditionally’ prove the existence of infinitely many rings \(\mathbb {Z}[\sqrt{d}]\) Z [ d ] for which the conjecture of Franušić and Jadrijević (Conjecture 1.1) does ‘not’ hold. This conjecture states a relationship between the existence of a Diophantine quadruple in \(\mathcal {R}\) R with the property D(n) and the representability of n as a difference of two squares in \(\mathcal {R}\) R , where \(\mathcal {R}\) R is a commutative ring with unity.