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<p>Although Mixed Reality (MR) applications hold strong potential in cultural-historic tourism by offering immersive and engaging experiences beyond traditional museum tours, their development faces technical challenges that impact user experience (UX). This study investigates how limitations in VSLAM-based MR systems, specifically latency and spatial localization errors, influence UX within a Human-Centered Computing (HCC) framework. Four UX criteria are examined: usability, usefulness, functionality, and emotional impact. The methodology comprises both laboratory testing, where latency and localization are measured under controlled conditions, and on-site testing of a markerless MR application developed in Unity (ARCore) using open-source tools and low-cost mobile hardware. The on-site evaluation was conducted at Master Vasa’s Konak in Kraljevo, Serbia, a nineteenth–twentieth century heritage site. Findings reveal that MR performance is highly sensitive to environmental conditions, model complexity, and user behavior. The study proposes a validated, scalable framework for low-budget MR development that integrates technical benchmarking with UX evaluation to enhance cultural-historic tourism experiences.</p>

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The Influence of Spatial Localization and Latency on the User Experience in Mixed Reality Applications for Cultural Historic Tourism

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Zlatan Hasanović,
  • Marko Jovanović,
  • Isidora Đurić

摘要

Although Mixed Reality (MR) applications hold strong potential in cultural-historic tourism by offering immersive and engaging experiences beyond traditional museum tours, their development faces technical challenges that impact user experience (UX). This study investigates how limitations in VSLAM-based MR systems, specifically latency and spatial localization errors, influence UX within a Human-Centered Computing (HCC) framework. Four UX criteria are examined: usability, usefulness, functionality, and emotional impact. The methodology comprises both laboratory testing, where latency and localization are measured under controlled conditions, and on-site testing of a markerless MR application developed in Unity (ARCore) using open-source tools and low-cost mobile hardware. The on-site evaluation was conducted at Master Vasa’s Konak in Kraljevo, Serbia, a nineteenth–twentieth century heritage site. Findings reveal that MR performance is highly sensitive to environmental conditions, model complexity, and user behavior. The study proposes a validated, scalable framework for low-budget MR development that integrates technical benchmarking with UX evaluation to enhance cultural-historic tourism experiences.