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<p>Aflatoxins (AFs), especially aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>, are carcinogenic mycotoxins that contaminate food crops, presenting a considerable risk to human health. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> and total AFs in commercially available and ready-to-eat sweet potato samples from Punjab, Pakistan, to quantify contamination levels and assess dietary exposure. A total of 480 commercial sweet potato samples and 365 ready-to-eat sweet potato samples were collected and tested with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The samples were obtained from multiple cities in Punjab, such as Daska and Kila Soba Singh. The investigation revealed that 28.5% of commercial sweet potato samples and 19.7% of ready-to-eat sweet potato samples contained AFs. The highest average concentrations of total AFs were observed in commercial samples (28.5 ± 4.2&#xa0;µg/kg) and in ready-to-eat samples (14.50 ± 2.50&#xa0;µg/kg) from Daska. Furthermore, 40% of commercial samples from Jamki had AF levels ranging from 1 to 10&#xa0;µg/kg, and 13.3% of samples from Kila Soba Singh surpassed 20&#xa0;µg/kg. The dietary intake assessment revealed that the highest exposure (3.16&#xa0;µg/kg body weight/day) occurred in female subjects aged 21–30&#xa0;years. The results underscore considerable AF contamination in sweet potatoes, emphasizing the need for improved storage methods to reduce exposure. Regulatory measures and awareness initiatives must be implemented to ensure food safety and mitigate health hazards associated with AF contamination.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Aflatoxin contamination in sweet potato products: implications for consumer health and food safety in Pakistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Shahzad Zafar Iqbal,
  • Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis,
  • Muhammad Waseem,
  • Osama A. Mohammad,
  • Sajad Ali,
  • Amin Mousavi Khaneghah

摘要

Aflatoxins (AFs), especially aflatoxin B1, are carcinogenic mycotoxins that contaminate food crops, presenting a considerable risk to human health. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of aflatoxin B1 and total AFs in commercially available and ready-to-eat sweet potato samples from Punjab, Pakistan, to quantify contamination levels and assess dietary exposure. A total of 480 commercial sweet potato samples and 365 ready-to-eat sweet potato samples were collected and tested with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The samples were obtained from multiple cities in Punjab, such as Daska and Kila Soba Singh. The investigation revealed that 28.5% of commercial sweet potato samples and 19.7% of ready-to-eat sweet potato samples contained AFs. The highest average concentrations of total AFs were observed in commercial samples (28.5 ± 4.2 µg/kg) and in ready-to-eat samples (14.50 ± 2.50 µg/kg) from Daska. Furthermore, 40% of commercial samples from Jamki had AF levels ranging from 1 to 10 µg/kg, and 13.3% of samples from Kila Soba Singh surpassed 20 µg/kg. The dietary intake assessment revealed that the highest exposure (3.16 µg/kg body weight/day) occurred in female subjects aged 21–30 years. The results underscore considerable AF contamination in sweet potatoes, emphasizing the need for improved storage methods to reduce exposure. Regulatory measures and awareness initiatives must be implemented to ensure food safety and mitigate health hazards associated with AF contamination.

Graphical abstract