<p>We use branes to generalize the Distance Conjecture. We conjecture that in any infinite-distance limit in the moduli space of a <i>d</i>-dimensional quantum gravity theory, among the set of particle towers and fundamental branes with at most <i>p</i><sub>max</sub> spacetime dimensions (where <i>p</i><sub>max</sub> is an integer between 1 and <i>d</i> – 2), at least one has mass/tension decreasing exponentially <i>T</i> ~ exp(–<i>α</i>∆) with the moduli space distance ∆ at a rate of at least <i>α</i> ≥ 1/<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_27235_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="110" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msqrt> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mi>max</mi> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msqrt> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \sqrt{d-{p}_{\textrm{max}}-1} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Since <i>p</i><sub>max</sub> can vary, this represents multiple conditions, where the Sharpened Distance Conjecture is the <i>p</i><sub>max</sub> = 1 case. This conjecture is a necessary condition imposed on higher-dimensional theories in order for the Sharpened Distance Conjecture to hold in lower-dimensional theories. We test our conjecture in theories with maximal and half-maximal supersymmetry in diverse dimensions, finding that it is satisfied and often saturated. In some cases where it is saturated — most notably, heterotic string theory in 10 dimensions — we argue that novel, low-tension non-supersymmetric branes must exist. We also identify patterns relating the rates at which various brane tensions vary in infinite-distance limits and relate these tensions to the species scale.</p>

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A Distance Conjecture for branes

  • Muldrow Etheredge,
  • Ben Heidenreich,
  • Tom Rudelius

摘要

We use branes to generalize the Distance Conjecture. We conjecture that in any infinite-distance limit in the moduli space of a d-dimensional quantum gravity theory, among the set of particle towers and fundamental branes with at most pmax spacetime dimensions (where pmax is an integer between 1 and d – 2), at least one has mass/tension decreasing exponentially T ~ exp(–α∆) with the moduli space distance ∆ at a rate of at least α ≥ 1/ d p max 1 \( \sqrt{d-{p}_{\textrm{max}}-1} \) . Since pmax can vary, this represents multiple conditions, where the Sharpened Distance Conjecture is the pmax = 1 case. This conjecture is a necessary condition imposed on higher-dimensional theories in order for the Sharpened Distance Conjecture to hold in lower-dimensional theories. We test our conjecture in theories with maximal and half-maximal supersymmetry in diverse dimensions, finding that it is satisfied and often saturated. In some cases where it is saturated — most notably, heterotic string theory in 10 dimensions — we argue that novel, low-tension non-supersymmetric branes must exist. We also identify patterns relating the rates at which various brane tensions vary in infinite-distance limits and relate these tensions to the species scale.