<p>Right-handed neutrinos <i>ν</i><sub><i>R</i></sub> play a crucial role in flavor-changing neutral-current processes with missing energy, such as <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/13130_2025_27135_Figa_HTML.png" Format="PNG" Height="45" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="300" Type="Linedraw" Width="210" /> </InlineMediaObject> and <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/13130_2025_27135_Figb_HTML.png" Format="PNG" Height="45" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="300" Type="Linedraw" Width="214" /> </InlineMediaObject>, where Belle-II reports unexpectedly large branching fraction in <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_27135_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="77" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>→</mo> <mi mathvariant="italic">Kν</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( B\to K\nu \overline{\nu} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> decays. Assuming <i>ν</i><sub><i>R</i></sub> is the partner of the active neutrino <i>ν</i><sub><i>L</i></sub> in the standard model, a Dirac-type neutrino framework emerges. We investigate a scenario of radiative Dirac neutrino mass generation in a scalar leptoquark (LQ) model with a global U(1)<sub><i>X</i></sub> symmetry to suppress Majorana mass, tree-level Dirac mass, and diquark couplings. The simplest LQ realization consists of two <i>S</i><sub>1</sub> = (3<i>,</i> 1<i>,</i> −1<i>/</i>3) LQs with distinct U(1)<sub><i>X</i></sub> charges. A non-Casas-Ibarra parametrization is proposed to match neutrino data with fewer model parameters. Imposing current experimental constraints from meson mixing and lepton flavor-violating processes, we find that right-handed neutrino effects can significantly enhance <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_27135_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="93" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>→</mo> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <mo>∗</mo> </mfenced> </msup> <mi>ν</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( B\to {K}^{\left(\ast \right)}\nu \overline{\nu} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_27135_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="93" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msup> <mi>K</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msup> <mo>→</mo> <msup> <mi>π</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msup> <mi>ν</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Additionally, the model predicts excesses in <i>R</i><sub><i>D</i></sub> from <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_27135_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="76" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>B</mi> <mo>→</mo> <mi mathvariant="italic">Dτ</mi> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="true">¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( B\to D\tau \overline{\nu} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> that remain within 1<i>σ</i> of current experimental data.</p>

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Leptoquark-mediated Dirac neutrino mass and its impact on \( B\to K\nu \overline{\nu} \) and \( K\to \pi \nu \overline{\nu} \) decays

  • Chuan-Hung Chen,
  • Cheng-Wei Chiang,
  • Leon M. G. de la Vega

摘要

Right-handed neutrinos νR play a crucial role in flavor-changing neutral-current processes with missing energy, such as and , where Belle-II reports unexpectedly large branching fraction in B ν ¯ \( B\to K\nu \overline{\nu} \) decays. Assuming νR is the partner of the active neutrino νL in the standard model, a Dirac-type neutrino framework emerges. We investigate a scenario of radiative Dirac neutrino mass generation in a scalar leptoquark (LQ) model with a global U(1)X symmetry to suppress Majorana mass, tree-level Dirac mass, and diquark couplings. The simplest LQ realization consists of two S1 = (3, 1, −1/3) LQs with distinct U(1)X charges. A non-Casas-Ibarra parametrization is proposed to match neutrino data with fewer model parameters. Imposing current experimental constraints from meson mixing and lepton flavor-violating processes, we find that right-handed neutrino effects can significantly enhance B K ν ν ¯ \( B\to {K}^{\left(\ast \right)}\nu \overline{\nu} \) and K + π + ν ν ¯ \( {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} \) . Additionally, the model predicts excesses in RD from B ν ¯ \( B\to D\tau \overline{\nu} \) that remain within 1σ of current experimental data.