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<p>We study QED<sub>2</sub> in de Sitter space as a minimal interacting gauge theory in which cosmological expansion directly competes with quantum dynamics. In cosmic time, the hopping redshifts as 1/<i>a</i>(<i>t</i>) while the electric term grows as <i>g</i><sup>2</sup><i>a</i>(<i>t</i>), sweeping the spectrum through a moving narrow-gap region in the (<i>τ</i>, <i>m</i>) plane. Exact diagonalization shows that this defines a pseudo-critical line governing the loss of adiabaticity, excitation growth, and redshifted response. Using matrix-product states at a fixed mass, we separate the fixed-cutoff thermodynamic limit from the continuum extrapolation. The late-time dip survives in the infinite physical box size limit, and shifts to later <i>τ</i> as the lattice spacing goes to zero, with current data favoring <i>τ</i><sub>∗</sub> ≈ 3.1, while the dip depth remains less controlled. For Gibbs initial states, the same mechanism produces an irreversibility front in the relative entropy that tracks the pseudo-critical line and is detectable via LOCC-accessible observables. These results identify de Sitter QED<sub>2</sub> as a controlled setting for linking curved-space gauge dynamics, near-critical spectral structure, and operational irreversibility.</p>

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Quantum information dynamics of QED2 in expanding de Sitter universe

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月22日

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  • Kazuki Ikeda,
  • Yaron Oz

摘要

We study QED2 in de Sitter space as a minimal interacting gauge theory in which cosmological expansion directly competes with quantum dynamics. In cosmic time, the hopping redshifts as 1/a(t) while the electric term grows as g2a(t), sweeping the spectrum through a moving narrow-gap region in the (τ, m) plane. Exact diagonalization shows that this defines a pseudo-critical line governing the loss of adiabaticity, excitation growth, and redshifted response. Using matrix-product states at a fixed mass, we separate the fixed-cutoff thermodynamic limit from the continuum extrapolation. The late-time dip survives in the infinite physical box size limit, and shifts to later τ as the lattice spacing goes to zero, with current data favoring τ∗ ≈ 3.1, while the dip depth remains less controlled. For Gibbs initial states, the same mechanism produces an irreversibility front in the relative entropy that tracks the pseudo-critical line and is detectable via LOCC-accessible observables. These results identify de Sitter QED2 as a controlled setting for linking curved-space gauge dynamics, near-critical spectral structure, and operational irreversibility.