<p>We investigate phenomenological implications of vector bosons <i>V</i> transforming as (1, 2, -3/2) under the standard model (SM) product gauge group SU(3)<sub><i>C</i></sub>, SU(2)<sub><i>L</i></sub> and U(1)<sub><i>Y</i></sub>. These vector bosons can couple to two SM leptons at tree-level forming dimension-4 operators. These operators dictate <i>V</i> to have two units of global lepton number, ∆<i>L</i> = 2. The operators generated conserve the global lepton number but can violate generational lepton numbers. We study constraints on the couplings <i>Y</i> of <i>V</i> to SM particles using tree-level processes such as <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>α</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> <mo>→</mo> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>β</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {l}_{\alpha}^{-}\to {l}_{\beta}^{+}{l}_{\rho}^{-}{l}_{\sigma}^{-} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, muonium and antimuonium oscillation, neutrino trident scattering, inverse muon decay, <i>e</i><sup><i>−</i></sup><i>e</i><sup>+</sup> → <i>l</i><sup><i>−</i></sup><i>l</i><sup>+</sup>, and also one-loop level processes such as the magnetic dipole moment of a charged lepton and <i>l</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> → <i>l</i><sub><i>j</i></sub><i>γ</i>. Strong constraints are obtained from <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>α</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> <mo>→</mo> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>β</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>ρ</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>l</mi> <mi>σ</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {l}_{\alpha}^{-}\to {l}_{\beta}^{+}{l}_{\rho}^{-}{l}_{\sigma}^{-} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with |<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">ee</mi> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">μe</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {Y}_{ee}{Y}_{\mu e}^{\ast } \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>| <i>&lt;</i> 3<i>.</i>29 × 10<sup><i>−</i>11</sup> (<i>m</i><sub><i>V</i></sub><i>/</i>GeV)<sup>2</sup><i>,</i> <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mo>∣</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">ee</mi> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">μe</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>∣</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mid {Y}_{ee}{Y}_{\mu e}^{\ast}\mid \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <i>&lt;</i> 3<i>.</i>29 × 10<sup><i>−</i>11</sup> (<i>m</i><sub><i>V</i></sub><i>/</i>GeV)<sup>2</sup> and from <i>l</i><sub><i>i</i></sub> → <i>l</i><sub><i>j</i></sub><i>γ</i> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mo>∣</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">τe</mi> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">μτ</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>∣</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mid {Y}_{\tau e}{Y}_{\mu \tau}^{\ast}\mid \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <i>&lt;</i> 3<i>.</i>46 × 10<sup><i>−</i>12</sup>(<i>m</i><sub><i>V</i></sub><i>/</i>GeV)<sup>2</sup><i>,</i> <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mo>∣</mo> <msub> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">eτ</mi> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>Y</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">τμ</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mo>∣</mo> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mid {Y}_{e\tau}{Y}_{\tau \mu}^{\ast}\mid \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <i>&lt;</i> 3<i>.</i>46 × 10<sup><i>−</i>12</sup> (<i>m</i><sub><i>V</i></sub><i>/</i>GeV)<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Interestingly, the imaginary part of the coupling constant in our model induces CP violation, which is constrained by experimental limits on the electric dipole moment.</p>

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Constraints on ∆L = 2 vector bosons with tree couplings to SM particles

  • Zhong-Lv Huang,
  • Xiao-Gang He

摘要

We investigate phenomenological implications of vector bosons V transforming as (1, 2, -3/2) under the standard model (SM) product gauge group SU(3)C, SU(2)L and U(1)Y. These vector bosons can couple to two SM leptons at tree-level forming dimension-4 operators. These operators dictate V to have two units of global lepton number, ∆L = 2. The operators generated conserve the global lepton number but can violate generational lepton numbers. We study constraints on the couplings Y of V to SM particles using tree-level processes such as l α l β + l ρ l σ \( {l}_{\alpha}^{-}\to {l}_{\beta}^{+}{l}_{\rho}^{-}{l}_{\sigma}^{-} \) , muonium and antimuonium oscillation, neutrino trident scattering, inverse muon decay, ee+ll+, and also one-loop level processes such as the magnetic dipole moment of a charged lepton and liljγ. Strong constraints are obtained from l α l β + l ρ l σ \( {l}_{\alpha}^{-}\to {l}_{\beta}^{+}{l}_{\rho}^{-}{l}_{\sigma}^{-} \) with | Y ee Y μe \( {Y}_{ee}{Y}_{\mu e}^{\ast } \) | < 3.29 × 1011 (mV/GeV)2, Y ee Y μe \( \mid {Y}_{ee}{Y}_{\mu e}^{\ast}\mid \) < 3.29 × 1011 (mV/GeV)2 and from liljγ with Y τe Y μτ \( \mid {Y}_{\tau e}{Y}_{\mu \tau}^{\ast}\mid \) < 3.46 × 1012(mV/GeV)2, Y Y τμ \( \mid {Y}_{e\tau}{Y}_{\tau \mu}^{\ast}\mid \) < 3.46 × 1012 (mV/GeV)2, respectively. Interestingly, the imaginary part of the coupling constant in our model induces CP violation, which is constrained by experimental limits on the electric dipole moment.