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<p>The thermofield double state entangles two copies of a CFT via a sum over energy eigenstates and is dual to the two-sided eternal black hole. We explore an analogous construction using sums over gauge group representations of half-BPS Wilson loops in multiple copies of <i>U</i> (<i>N</i>) <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi mathvariant="script">N</mi> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \mathcal{N} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 4 super Yang-Mills. These sums act as delta function-like operators that correlate the eigenvalues of the corresponding half-BPS matrix models. We suggest that the holographic duals are “bubbling wormhole” geometries: multi-covers of AdS<sub>5</sub> × <i>S</i><sup>5</sup> whose conformal boundary consists of multiple four-spheres intersecting on a common circle. We analyze the matrix model free energy, discuss its bulk interpretation, and study probe loops in these backgrounds.</p>

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Bubbling wormholes and matrix models

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Panos Betzios,
  • Ji Hoon Lee,
  • Olga Papadoulaki,
  • Yanjun Zhou

摘要

The thermofield double state entangles two copies of a CFT via a sum over energy eigenstates and is dual to the two-sided eternal black hole. We explore an analogous construction using sums over gauge group representations of half-BPS Wilson loops in multiple copies of U (N) N \( \mathcal{N} \) = 4 super Yang-Mills. These sums act as delta function-like operators that correlate the eigenvalues of the corresponding half-BPS matrix models. We suggest that the holographic duals are “bubbling wormhole” geometries: multi-covers of AdS5 × S5 whose conformal boundary consists of multiple four-spheres intersecting on a common circle. We analyze the matrix model free energy, discuss its bulk interpretation, and study probe loops in these backgrounds.