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<p>We construct Abelian gauge field configurations that carry non-zero instanton number. Each such “Abelian instanton” is generated by a closed magnetic worldline in four-dimensional Euclidean space, provided the Abelian gauge field has non-trivial winding along the closed worldline. The resulting field configuration corresponds to a Euclidean dyon loop featuring non-zero instanton number. We embed these dyon loops in a UV-complete theory using the Georgi-Glashow model and show that the full instanton charge is borne entirely by the unbroken U(1) sector. In this same model, using a numerical relaxation procedure, we show that Euclidean dyon loops are a continuous deformation of small BPST instantons.</p>

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Dyon loops and Abelian instantons

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Isabel Garcia Garcia,
  • Marius Kongsore,
  • Ken Van Tilburg

摘要

We construct Abelian gauge field configurations that carry non-zero instanton number. Each such “Abelian instanton” is generated by a closed magnetic worldline in four-dimensional Euclidean space, provided the Abelian gauge field has non-trivial winding along the closed worldline. The resulting field configuration corresponds to a Euclidean dyon loop featuring non-zero instanton number. We embed these dyon loops in a UV-complete theory using the Georgi-Glashow model and show that the full instanton charge is borne entirely by the unbroken U(1) sector. In this same model, using a numerical relaxation procedure, we show that Euclidean dyon loops are a continuous deformation of small BPST instantons.