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<p>We explore, for the first time, <i>neutral-current</i> events at long-baseline experiments to constrain vector and axial-vector neutrino non-standard interactions (NSI) with quarks. We leverage the flavor dependence of NSIs to perform an oscillation analysis in the neutral- current channel. We first introduce a framework to parametrize the effect of NSI on the cross section. Then, as an example, we analyze NOvA neutral-current data which provides significantly improved constraints on the axial-vector NSI parameters <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">μμ</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_{\mu \mu}^A \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation><i>,</i> <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">ττ</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_{\tau \tau}^A \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">eμ</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_{e\mu}^A \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This is highly complementary to constraints from SNO data, which, differently from long-baseline neutral current data, is not sensitive to isospin conserving NSIs <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_u^A \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_d^A \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Additionally, we disfavor large values of the diagonal vectorial NSI <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="23" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="28" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">μμ</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">VV</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_{\mu \mu}^{VV} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_26140_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <msubsup> <mi>ε</mi> <mi mathvariant="italic">ττ</mi> <mi>V</mi> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( {\varepsilon}_{\tau \tau}^V \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> which originate from the LMA-Dark solution. We also highlight the complementarity between NSI searches at oscillation experiments using charged current and neutral current channels.</p>

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Constraining non-standard neutrino interactions with neutral current events at long-baseline oscillation experiments

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月7日

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  • Julia Gehrlein,
  • Pedro A. N. Machado,
  • João Paulo Pinheiro

摘要

We explore, for the first time, neutral-current events at long-baseline experiments to constrain vector and axial-vector neutrino non-standard interactions (NSI) with quarks. We leverage the flavor dependence of NSIs to perform an oscillation analysis in the neutral- current channel. We first introduce a framework to parametrize the effect of NSI on the cross section. Then, as an example, we analyze NOvA neutral-current data which provides significantly improved constraints on the axial-vector NSI parameters ε μμ A \( {\varepsilon}_{\mu \mu}^A \) , ε ττ A \( {\varepsilon}_{\tau \tau}^A \) and ε eμ A \( {\varepsilon}_{e\mu}^A \) . This is highly complementary to constraints from SNO data, which, differently from long-baseline neutral current data, is not sensitive to isospin conserving NSIs ε u A \( {\varepsilon}_u^A \) = ε d A \( {\varepsilon}_d^A \) . Additionally, we disfavor large values of the diagonal vectorial NSI ε μμ VV \( {\varepsilon}_{\mu \mu}^{VV} \) and ε ττ V \( {\varepsilon}_{\tau \tau}^V \) which originate from the LMA-Dark solution. We also highlight the complementarity between NSI searches at oscillation experiments using charged current and neutral current channels.