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<p>Data from the LHC show a rise in strange-hadron production with charged-particle multiplicity in <i>pp</i> collisions. The Monte-Carlo event generator Pythia, using its default Monash tune, instead predicts constant strangeness. We investigate a mechanism invoked during hadronization called “string closepacking”, where overlapping strings generate a background field, here assumed to be predominantly aligned with the beam axis. This increases the effective string tension, reducing strangeness suppression and thus enhancing strangeness production. We tune this model to LHC data and contrast it with several alternatives. We comment specifically on the challenge of simultaneously describing the non-strange <i>p</i>/<i>π</i> ratio, and introduce a mechanism which may act to suppress this. Many of the salient particle-production ratios can be qualitatively described by this model, although the Ξ<sub><i>c</i></sub>/<i>D</i> ratio and the shape of <i>p</i><sub>⊥</sub> spectra remain challenging to account for.</p>

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Closepacking effects on strangeness and baryon production at the LHC

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • J. Altmann,
  • L. Bernardinis,
  • P. Skands,
  • V. Zaccolo

摘要

Data from the LHC show a rise in strange-hadron production with charged-particle multiplicity in pp collisions. The Monte-Carlo event generator Pythia, using its default Monash tune, instead predicts constant strangeness. We investigate a mechanism invoked during hadronization called “string closepacking”, where overlapping strings generate a background field, here assumed to be predominantly aligned with the beam axis. This increases the effective string tension, reducing strangeness suppression and thus enhancing strangeness production. We tune this model to LHC data and contrast it with several alternatives. We comment specifically on the challenge of simultaneously describing the non-strange p/π ratio, and introduce a mechanism which may act to suppress this. Many of the salient particle-production ratios can be qualitatively described by this model, although the Ξc/D ratio and the shape of p⊥ spectra remain challenging to account for.