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<p>In the so-called 331-models the gauge anomalies cancel only if there are three generations of fermions. This requires one of the quark generations to be in a different representation than the other two. But which generation is treated differently? In this work we study how the choice of differently treated generation effects the quark flavour structure and how the discriminated generation can be deduced from experiments. We study a general model based on <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="13130_2025_25765_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="inline"> <mi>β</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <msqrt> <mn>3</mn> </msqrt> </math></EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( \beta =-1/\sqrt{3} \)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, which contains exotic quarks with same electric charges as SM quarks. We take fully into account the effects from exotic quark mixing with the SM quarks, which is often omitted in literature. We will also pay particular attention to 125 GeV Higgs, and show analytically why its flavour violating couplings between SM quarks are suppressed.</p>

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On the family discrimination in 331-model

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月14日

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  • Katri Huitu,
  • Niko Koivunen,
  • Timo Kärkkäinen,
  • Subhadeep Mondal

摘要

In the so-called 331-models the gauge anomalies cancel only if there are three generations of fermions. This requires one of the quark generations to be in a different representation than the other two. But which generation is treated differently? In this work we study how the choice of differently treated generation effects the quark flavour structure and how the discriminated generation can be deduced from experiments. We study a general model based on β = − 1 / 3 \( \beta =-1/\sqrt{3} \) , which contains exotic quarks with same electric charges as SM quarks. We take fully into account the effects from exotic quark mixing with the SM quarks, which is often omitted in literature. We will also pay particular attention to 125 GeV Higgs, and show analytically why its flavour violating couplings between SM quarks are suppressed.